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Bulgaria’s Top Trading Partners

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Bulgaria's Top Trading Partners Bulgarian monastery

Bulgaria exported US$47 billion worth of products around the globe in 2025, up 13.7% compared to $41.4 billion five years prior in 2021.

Year over year, the overall value of Bulgarian exports gained just 0.9% from $46.6 billion for 2024.

The top 5 Bulgarian trading partners for buying Bulgaria’s exported products are Germany, Romania, Italy, Türkiye and Poland. Added together, that cohort of 5 major buyers accounted for 44.3% of overall Bulgarian exports by dollar value.

Applying a continental lens, more than three-quarters (76.3%) of Bulgaria’s exports by value was delivered to fellow European countries while 15.9% was sold to importers in Asia.

Bulgaria shipped another 3.9% worth of goods to buyers in Africa.

Smaller percentages went to customers in North America (3.2%), Latin America (0.6%) excluding Mexico but including the Caribbean, then Oceania (0.2%) led by Australia and New Zealand.

On January 1, 2007 Bulgaria joined the European Union. Fellow EU member states generated 61.7% of Bulgarian export revenues in 2025. That percentage lags the 64.7% during 2024.

Below is a list showcasing 25 of Bulgaria’s top trading partners, countries that imported the most Bulgarian shipments by dollar value during 2025. Also shown is each import country’s percentage of total Bulgarian exports.

Germany: US$6.7 billion (14.3% of Bulgaria’s total exports)
Romania: $4.9 billion (10.5%)
Türkiye: $3.4 billion (7.2%)
Italy: $3 billion (6.5%)
Greece: $2.8 billion (6%)
France: $1.5 billion (3.2%)
Poland: $1.23 billion (2.6%)
Serbia: $1.16 billion (2.5%)
Spain: $1 billion (2.1%)
United States: $1 billion (2.1%)
United Kingdom: $974.5 million (2.1%)
Netherlands: $933.1 million (2%)
Czech Republic: $898.7 million (1.9%)
Belgium: $875.1 million (1.9%)
North Macedonia: $821.2 million (1.7%)
mainland China: $817.5 million (1.7%)
Austria: $816 million (1.7%)
Algeria: $706.1 million (1.5%)
Hungary: $654.6 million (1.4%)
Ukraine: $616.7 million (1.3%)
Sweden: $478.9 million (1%)
Russia: $474.6 million (1%)
Slovakia: $472.1 million (1%)
Georgia: $418.1 million (0.9%)
Switzerland: $387.4 million (0.8%)

Approaching four-fifths (79.1%) of Bulgarian exports in 2025 was delivered to the above 25 trade partners.

Increasing purchases of Bulgaria’s exported goods at the greatest pace from 2024 to 2025 were the United Kingdom (up 39.6%), Algeria (up 24.9%), Sweden (up 22.6%), Russia (up 18.5%) and Greece (up 16.6%).

The severest decliners among the major Bulgarian customers were Poland (down -50.6% from 2024), Czech Republic (down -32.5%), Slovakia (down -14%), Belgium (down -13.8%) and the United States of America (down -8.8%).

Countries Creating Bulgaria’s Largest Trade Deficits

Bulgaria recorded an overall trade deficit of -US$12.3 billion during 2025, expanding by 71.9% from -$7.2 billion in red ink one year earlier in 2024.

As defined by Investopedia, a country whose total value of all imported goods is higher than its value of all exports is said to have a negative trade balance or deficit.

It would be unrealistic for any exporting nation to expect across-the-board positive trade balances with all its importing partners. Similarly, that export country doesn’t necessarily post a negative trade balance with each individual partner with which it exchanges exports and imports.

Bulgaria incurred the highest trade deficits with the following countries.

mainland China: -US$3.7 billion (country-specific trade deficit in 2025)
Türkiye: -$1.6 billion
Hungary: -$1.36 billion
Kazakhstan: -$1.33 billion
Netherlands: -$1.2 billion
Poland: -$946.7 million
Brazil: -$714.6 million
Russia: -$620.2 million
Austria: -$566.9 million
Czech Republic: -$549 million

Among Bulgaria’s trading partners that cause the greatest negative trade balances, Bulgarian deficits with Türkiye (up 49.3%), Brazil (up 46.8%) and mainland China (up 45.6%) grew at the fastest pace from 2024 to 2025.

In addition, Bulgaria reversed a surplus trading with Russia in 2024 to incurring the deficit listed above.

These cashflow deficiencies clearly indicate Bulgaria’s competitive disadvantages with the above countries, but also represent key opportunities for Bulgaria to develop country-specific strategies to strengthen its overall position in international trade.

Countries Generating Bulgaria’s Best Trade Surpluses

Based on Investopedia’s definition of net importer, a country whose total value of all imported goods is lower than its value of all exports is said to have a positive trade balance or surplus.

Bulgaria incurred the highest trade surpluses with the following countries.

Algeria: US$633.1 million (country-specific trade surplus in 2025)
United Kingdom: $552.9 million
Romania: $434.7 million
Germany: $212.6 million
France: $190.6 million
North Macedonia: $181.9 million
Sweden: $165 million
Hong Kong: $162.9 million
Italy: $161.2 million
United Arab Emirates: $156.9 million

Among Bulgaria’s trading partners that generate the greatest positive trade balances, Bulgarian surpluses with the United Arab Emirates (up 169.6%), Sweden (up 132%) and Romania (up 60%) grew at the fastest pace from 2024 to 2025.

These positive cashflow streams clearly indicate Bulgaria’s competitive advantages with the above countries, but also represent key opportunities for Bulgaria to develop country-specific strategies to optimize its overall position in international trade.