National Commission for Women (NCW) chairperson Vijaya Rahatkar on Wednesday (July 15, 2026) said the interpretation of sexual offences by courts should not be confined to the physical act alone, asserting that equal importance must be given to the survivor's dignity, consent, and the fear she experienced.

Ms. Rahatkar's remarks came after a Patna High Court judgment which, according to media reports, held that attempting to remove a woman's salwar and touching her chest did not amount to an attempt to rape.

"While interpreting sexual offences, the focus should not be limited only to the physical act. Equal importance must also be given to the survivor's dignity, her consent, the fear she experienced, and the psychological trauma caused by the incident," Ms. Rahatkar said.

The NCW chief said the objective of justice cannot be confined merely to a technical interpretation of the law.

"If the judicial process becomes detached from the survivor's lived experience and the underlying spirit of the law, it is only natural that public confidence in the justice delivery system may be affected," she said.

"Undoubtedly, courts deliver judgments on the basis of law and the evidence placed before them. However, if a survivor does not receive a sense of complete justice even after an 18-year-long judicial process, and those responsible for serious sexual offences do not receive effective punishment, it can adversely affect women's confidence in both themselves and the justice system," she said.

Ms. Rahatkar said protecting the dignity, bodily autonomy and constitutional rights of women must remain the "highest priority of the justice system".

"In this context, I welcome the clear, sensitive, and survivor-centric approach adopted by Hon'ble Chief Justice of India Surya Kant," the NCW chief said.

According to media reports, the Supreme Court on Tuesday (July 14, 2026) slammed the Patna High Court’s judgement on the attempt to rape case, and said it would pass a detailed order dealing with the high court's observations.

A Bench headed by Chief Justice Surya Kant also expressed serious concern over the "lack of thorough research" before such judgments are delivered.

The NCW chief expressed confidence that the justice system will continue "to move towards a more sensitive, survivor-centric, and gender-just approach, while steadfastly upholding the dignity and rights of women".