1 Which gut bacterium lives in the intestinal mucus layer and has been linked to metabolic health?

• Lactobacillus acidophilus
• Escherichia coli
• Bifidobacterium longum
• Akkermansia muciniphila

  Akkermansia muciniphila lives in the intestinal mucus layer, where it may help support the gut barrier. Lower levels have been linked to metabolic disorders and certain infections. Learn more.

2 Which medical condition affects about 85% of women with polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS)?

• Low blood pressure
• Vitamin D deficiency
• Insulin resistance

  Insulin resistance affects most women with PMOS, including many who are not overweight. Learn more.

• Thyroid enlargement

3 What tool may help you remember to take supplements?

• Reminder apps

  Reminder apps can provide helpful prompts, although they may not solve the problem if the routine still feels too complicated. Learn more.

• Calls from family members
• Fitness trackers
• Grocery lists

4 What is the clinical term for a heart attack?

• Cardiac arrest
• Myocardial infarction

  A myocardial infarction happens when blocked blood flow damages part of the heart muscle. Learn more.

• Heart failure
• Coronary spasm

5 Which non-drug approach can help reduce arthritis pain and maintain mobility?

• Regular physical activity

  Staying active helps support movement, independence, and joint function, even though many older adults do not meet exercise recommendations. Learn more.

• Extended bed rest
• Complete joint avoidance
• Frequent cold exposure

6 What byproduct builds up during intense physical activity?

• Glucose
• Insulin
• Lactate

  Faster lactate clearance generally shows that the body is recovering from strenuous activity more efficiently. Learn more.

• Collagen

7 What happened to butyrate levels in animals with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain?

• Levels stayed the same
• Amounts increased slightly
• Production stopped completely
• Levels dropped significantly

  The study pointed out that restoring butyrate was associated with less pain sensitivity and improvements in abnormal cellular activity. Learn more.